Taking a Look at Evolutionary Psychology - 1094 Words

Evolutionary Psychology is a practice of social and natural sciences that studies human characteristics through the lens of modern evolutionary theory. This is exactly what Dunbar and his colleges attempt to do with â€Å"the family† in their book. The discussion of the family has to start with defining what parent involvement actually is. The authors of the book Evolutionary Psychology use Robert Trivers’ definition from 1972 that states, â€Å"any investment by the parent in an individual offspring that increases the offspring’s chance of surviving at the cost of parent’s ability to invest in other offspring†. This means that if a parent of a individual uses any of their resources to help improve their child’s chance of survival, meaning†¦show more content†¦The second circumstance for infanticide is if the child is born with severe disabilities or deformities for the simple reason of is the child worth the investment. Is involved in a child’s life who is going to require more of an investment that an average child, and still highly unlikely to reproduce worth it? Twins are a similar circumstance. Parents have the dilemma of possibly of not having adequate resources for both children at the same time. So infanticide could be logical in this situation so the parents could invest heavily into one of the twins to help ensure the best opportunity for the child throughout life as opposed to dividing the resources in half. This leads into the last circumstance, which is just not having the adequate amount of resources to raise even a single child. This practice is exemplified to the rate of aborted children or children sent to orphanages in young single women, or old married women who have had several children prior. Also discussed is how unique the human family is. Human fathers are involved in their children’s lives more than any other species and humans are the only species where grandparents exist . The explanation for these occurrences are that the human infant is so dependant that it needs the support of more than just a mother, and even just the mother and father in some cases. The occurrence of grandparents can also be explained by the phenomenon of menopause. The humanShow MoreRelatedThe Conflict Between Evolutionary Psychology And Scientific Scripture Scholarship912 Words   |  4 PagesIn this chapter, the author highlights some of the superficial conflicts between evolutionary psychology and scientific scripture scholarship (or historical biblical criticism). As the author notes, â€Å"...evolutionary psychology is an attempt to explain important human traits and behaviors in terms of the evolutionary origin of the human species (131).† It attempts to contextualize all the things we humans think, feel, and create in the contexts of Darwinian evolution, and natural selection. ButRead MoreEvolutionary Psychology : The Brain, Immune System, And Genetics894 Wor ds   |  4 Pagesnervous system of the body.’ (Sammons, no date), so they look at the way the human brain works when it is dealing with thoughts, feelings and how it reacts to behaviours. They study the ‘the brain, immune system, nervous system, and genetics’ (Cherry, 2015) they do this to get the best results about how the brains reacts when put within these situations. Evolutionary Psychology is of humans when they experience a changing environment and look for differences within their behaviours, their cognitionRead MoreInnate Theory : Innate Factors1258 Words   |  6 Pagesthe essay I will look at key branches of psychology which contribute to our behaviour. I will also compare and contrast both heritable and environmental factors, this comparison will enable me to uncover the level of importance within heritability. We are led to believe that one gene can contribute to a behavioural trait, most people are unaware of the extensive biological engineering of our genes ‘humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes and roughly 25,000 protein-coding genes’ taking this into accountRead MoreSocial Psychology Theories About The Development Of Prosocial Behavior And Altruism1520 Words   |  7 Pages2015). So, taking direct action can influence prosocial behavior in others by indirectly convincing them that they too should get involved because someone else is helping. What are the primary social psychology theories about the development of these two phenomena? According the University of Alabama, there are four main social psychology theories about the development of prosocial behavior and altruism. These are social exchange, empathy-altruism, social norms, and evolutionary psychology. The SocialRead MorePsychological Perspectives On Mental Health Disorders1728 Words   |  7 Pageshealth. Psychological perspectives are the different ways in which psychologists look at individual’s behaviours, thoughts and feelings. Although some of the psychological perspectives are very different while others are similar and seem to overlap, it is important to note that there isn’t simply one correct perspective and that each of the perspectives has their strengths and weaknesses. In this essay I am going to look into the different psychological perspectives and how they offer us an understandingRead MoreHuman Behavior And Human Development Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pagespredetermined views of genetic influence in the past, and that environmental influence has an extensive impact on human behavior. Throughout human history, there have been many shared processes and factors related to development. Evolutionary psychology is a branch of psychology that has developed based on the idea that humans have shared behavioral traits. Demonstrations of these shared human traits can be seen in fixed patterns. These fixed patterns, such as yawning and attachment, are unlearned behaviorsRead MoreEvolutionary psychology is a field of study that has revolutionised how we understand human2300 Words   |  10 PagesEvolutionary psychology is a field of study that has revolutionised how we understand human psychological systems and how they interact with social, cultural, and ecological factors to produce manifest behaviour. The main assumption of evolutionary psychology is that most human behaviours today, were once essential for survival and reproduction (Buss Schmitt, 2011). Despite the fact that the world has changed, humans have still retained those behaviours (Cross Campbell, 2011). The refore, to understandRead MoreCognitive Psychology And The Management And Treatment Of Mental Illness1352 Words   |  6 PagesI will explain the theories of two psychologist highlighting their strengths and weaknesses and there similarities and differences. AC1.1, AC3.1 Biological psychology looks at the biological aspects of behaviour. It looks at how the brain s structure, chemistry, activity and genetic make-up etc. relates to behaviour. Cognitive psychology focuses on the way the brain processes information, how people perceive, understand, make decisions about and remember information. Cognitive psychologistsRead MoreThe New Psychology: Early Physiological and Experimental Psychology and Structuralism1433 Words   |  6 PagesThe New Psychology: Early Physiological and Experimental Psychology And Structuralism Psy5102-8 Dr. Kornfeld By: Janelle Jumpp Table of Contents 1. What do you consider to be the proper subject matter of psychology? 2. What methods should psychology use to approach the subjects it studies? 3. What do you expect will be your most lasting contribution to the field of psychology? 4. What do you consider to be an appropriate role for the field of psychologyRead MoreWhat Drives Jealousy? By Sarah Hill And David Buss1040 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Drives Jealousy? Evolution Sarah Hill and David Buss, in The Evolutionary Psychology of Envy , find we are envious due to the competition of resources. Social comparisons determine where we stand, in society, and how to adjust. Envy has been shaped by natural selection to signal competitive disadvantage, it also combines with the desire to possess the same advantage. Unlike common conception, the target of men and women’s envy is not celebrities or millionaires. Most often it is same-sex peers

John Maynard Keynes And The Classical Model Essay

Part One John Maynard Keynes is referred to as one of the most well known economists of his time. Not only was he able to come up with a solution to essentially try to move the economy out of recession and stop booms and busts, but his theory is still being used in todays day and age 70 years later. One big question that has been asked repeatedly about Keynes theory is why did he not believe in self-adjustment of the economy. Keynes rejected the idea that market economies would automatically move towards full employment. He claimed to have found many flaws in the classical model as a whole (Davidson). Overall Keynes rejected the classical models claim that markets self-adjust to solve economic problem because his insight was the opposite of the classical model. He was convinced that sometimes things don’t sort themselves out. The economy would actually continue to go into a downward spiral and the usual dynamic of supply and demand would essentially break down. As far as polic y prescriptions for a recession, Keynes stated that, â€Å"If all else fails, the government can spend the money† (Davidson). Not only did he think this, he also was convinced that they shouldn’t raise taxes or try to balance the budget. If either of these things were to be done, it would essentially cancel out any positive effect from spending. Keynes seemed to have felt very strongly that his theory was bound to work, as well as the people who followed him and his theories closely. However, economistsShow MoreRelatedThe Classical Economists and Keynes: the Debate on Government Policy Activism1189 Words   |  5 Pageswith the famous economist John Maynard Keynes, and the classical economists of his time, whose economic foundations lay in Alfred Marshall’s seminal work, the Principles of Economic. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the classical economist’s non-activist view on unemployment, and Keynes’s critical response to the classical e conomist and his belief the government should play an activist role in combating unemployment. One of the most important tenets of classical economics is that marketRead MoreKayne vs Hayek1370 Words   |  6 PagesChanya Udomphorn ID# 5380040 Macroeconomics Mr. Rattakarn Komonrat Keynes vs. Hayek Macroeconomics is a branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of the whole economy. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions. They develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflationRead MoreEssay on John Maynard Keynes Versus Friederich A. Hayek603 Words   |  3 PagesTwo major economic thinkers of the of the early twentieth century, John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich A. Hayek, hold very different economic viewpoints. Keynes is among the most famous economic philosophers. Keynes, whos theories gained a reputation during the Great Depression in the 1930s, focused mainly on an economys bust. It is where the economy declines and finally bottoms-out, that Keynesian economics believes the answers lie for its eventual recovery. On the other hand, Hayek believed t hatRead MoreJohn Maynard Keynes s Economic Theory And Policy After World War II1307 Words   |  6 Pagesfree market - based on supply and demand with no government control - would deliver full employment. John Maynard Keynes came up with a theory as a counterargument: that aggregate demand is the single most powerful force in any economy. Keynes explains that free markets are not able to balance themselves out enough to lead to the full employment everyone was waiting for. The 1930s gave rise to Keynes’ ideas, especially after the publication of his revolutionary book The General Theory of EmploymentRead MoreClassical School Of Thought And The Great Depression1020 Words   |  5 PagesClassical school of thought dates back to the Enlightenment movement and the Industrial Revolution during the eighteenth century, where secularization started to happen resulting in changes on the way of thinking and analyzing daily life. Adam Smith, also known as the father of economics, wr ote An Enquiry into the causes of the Wealth of the Nations in 1776, where he discusses how the wealth of a nation is measured (by GDP), division of labor and lastly, introduces the invisible hand that controlsRead MoreClassical Vs Keynesian Economics1235 Words   |  5 PagesClassical and Keynesian economics are both accepted schools of thought in economics, but each had a different approach to defining economics. The Classical economic theory was developed by Adam Smith while Keynesian theory was developed by John Maynard Keynes. Similarities: One of the most surprising similarities between the two theories is that John Keynes developed his theory based on the Adam Smith’s theory. Keynes did not entirely disagree with Adam Smith but rather, expanded the theory basedRead MoreThe Economic Schools Of Thought1445 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious models aimed at understanding the implications that all actions affect outcome. Like other economic schools of thought, Freshwater developed from previous schools of thought as new macroeconomic ideas were discussed and disputed. Neoclassical synthesis was a postwar movement in economics that absorbed the macroeconomic theories of John Maynard Keynes and the theories of neoclassical economics to formulate a synthesis of Keynesian macroeconomics and neoclassical microeconomics. John HicksRead MoreThe Classical View Of Employment And Income1523 Words   |  7 Pageswill be going into detail on the classical view of full employment, and the Keynesian view of full employment to help you understand better how each school viewed full employment, and how to achieve it. The classical view gives you a look into the supply side of the economy using Say’s law and the Say’s law flow diagram. Most economists followed the classical view up until the 1930’s. Then John Maynard Keynes influenced the world with the Keynesian Revolution. Keynes believed that demand is what shouldRead MoreClassical Vs. Keynesian Models Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesClassical vs Keynesian models Two economic models of thought are classical and Keynesian models. Each model takes a diverse approach to the economic education of financial policy, buyer behavior, and government spending. The classical model, which traces its origins to the 1770s, was the first systematic attempt to explain the determinants of the price level and the national levels of real GDP, employment, consumption, savings, and investments. Classical economist Adam Smith and others assumed thatRead MoreMacroeconomic Theories Of Macroeconomics And Classical Economics999 Words   |  4 Pagesmost general fields in economics. There are two major macroeconomic theories that economists use to describe the economy. Those theories are Keynesian and Classical. Each theory has a different approach to the economic study of monetary policies, consumer behaviors, and government spending. A few distinctions separate the two theories. Classical economics is the theory that free markets will restore full employment without government intervention. They believe that the markets function best without

NIST Definition of Cloud Computing

Question: Discuss about the NIST Definition of Cloud Computing. Answer: Introduction Every day more and more companies are aligning to the cloud-based accounting system. From connected gadgets to internet-based education programs, individuals from all over the globe are utilizing the cloud as a medium to connect with consumers and make their own business measures more efficient. In short, it has become a trend and offices are now using it to gain specific advantages (Millard, 2013). Furthermore, even small businesses are attaining benefit from the cloud when it comes to financing management. Although there are various reasons to go for the cloud, yet few businesses opt to host accounting data the traditional-fashioned way. In short, it depends upon the business requirement to vouch for a specific system (Olsen, 2012). However, since accounting is a very delicate aspect of business, many accounting professionals, and entrepreneurs often shy away from experimenting traditional accounting methods as they rely on trusted and tested solutions. Therefore, the major relianc e is the trusted method and solutions (Rouse, 2013). Cloud-based accounting vs. Traditional-based accounting Cloud-based Accounting Traditional-based Accounting Cloud accounting software utilizes the cloud in order to store accounting data, making financial details available to employees and owners anywhere in the presence of an internet connection (Rouse, 2013). With traditional accounting software, a business has one dedicated hard-drive wherein accounting software is installed and financial information is recorded to make it accessible to employees and owners. Unlike cloud accounting, this does not require internet connectivity. This software tends to be a more affordable one because upfront costs involved are usually lesser than that of the traditional accounting system and the hardware that is needed to run in (Rouse, 2013). Managing the finances through a traditional accounting system requires some expenses because it does demand a local infrastructure that makes way for a chunk of investment to be wasted. Furthermore, even the maintenance cost of hardware increases the costing requirements in this method. With this software, a user can add many numbers of users and operate with them in the real-time in order to accelerate the activities. With just a few clicks, user permissions can be controlled and one can define which files are meant for whom (Hu, 2015). Since accounting is not a one-man arena, it requires detailing of all financial details taking place in the company. Moreover, multiple users have to come into action to keep accounting process updated and error-free. However, unlike cloud accounting, the traditional accounting only offers massive restrictions related to user-accessibility and location. Potential limitations The biggest limitation of cloud-based accounting system is that the accounting data is being shared with a third party and they can utilize such data for their self-business interests because the data storage is completely controlled by the providers (Peter Timothy, 2011). In addition, the data can also be stored in several countries wherein the government can audit or review such data if needed. Secondly, the cloud-based accounting system might not support every application possessed by the user. In simple words, some of the users requirements might not be efficiently available in the cloud accounting software (Millard, 2013). Hence, there are restrictions in the applications that make cloud-based accounting a very risky step. Last, but not the least, many of the cloud accounting software fails to offer an appropriate facility to backup the data that is stored in the users computer or laptop. Therefore, when a user might change the software, he or she might also lose the entire dat a that is already entered into with the prior cloud-based accounting software. Therefore, since cloud accounting software fails to offer confidentiality of data, data backup, and pursues many restrictions, the decision to move towards cloud accounting must be made after considering such potential risks, because at the end of the day, financial records are the most important for any organization (Mell, 2011). Moreover, once the system is changed to cloud-based it is difficult to retreat and use another concept. In this way, it creates an image of vendor lock in that adds to the potential limitation. Conclusion The size of the business does not matter when it comes to cloud-base accounting. With every segment of business being performed in the cloud, several different size businesses can gain advantage from using cloud-based accounting services. In simple words, eligibility for cloud benefits relies much more on the users computing requirements, applications used by the business, and workforce habits, than the business size. Nevertheless, businesses that can benefit the most are accountancy firms, data security firms, and global corporations. With cloud accounting, clients in accounting firms can upload significant financial data that is accessible to an accountant as per his requirements, and clients can even download copies of digital ledgers, tax papers from data stored in the cloud (O'Brien Marakas, 2009). Similarly, every office can stay in touch with others in order to share information through cloud accounting in global corporations. Even data security firms can move their customers files continuously by cloud computing, thereby making it difficult to be hacked. References O'Brien, J Marakas, G. (2009). Management Information Systems. McGraw-Hill Olsen, E. (2012). Strategic Planning Kit for Dummies. John Wiley Sons. Millard, C. (2013). Cloud Computing Law. Oxford University Press Mell, P. (2011). The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing. Accessed March 18, 2017 from https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf Rouse, M. (2013).What is a multi-cloud strategy? Accessed March 18, 2017 from https://searchcloudapplications.techtarget.com/definition/multi-cloud-strategy Peter, M Timothy G. (2011).The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing. National Institute of Standards and Technology: U.S. Department of Commerce Hu, T.H. (2015).A Prehistory of the Cloud. MIT Press.

Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay Essay Example

Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay Essay Sexual Ethical motives are built-in to Judaism because they provided direct counsel on how to act morally and in conformity with the Torah and God. Although. over many old ages Jews were enduring from persecution. they are presently demoing stableness which can be attributed to the model that is outlined through the strong moralss that they uphold. Sexual moralss provide counsel on how to act morally. righteously and in conformity to the Torah every bit good as forestalling promiscuousness. unfaithfulness. immorality and sexual Acts of the Apostless which hinder the stability of Judaism. The instructions on Adultery. homosexualism. contraceptive method and pre-marital sex provide a model for Judaic behavior through re-iterating the rule beliefs of monogamousness. reproduction. fidelity and the compact made between Moses. Abraham and God in a practical mode. Sexually ethical behavior is indispensable as it promotes behaviour that is respectful. consensual. faithful. morally right and righteous. Sexually ethical behavior provides Judaism with moral model for reproduction. fidelity and the ability to keep religion. We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Sexual Ethics Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Adultery is the most valued sexual ethical instruction in Judaism because it breaks the compact made between Abraham and Moses and defies the rule beliefs of love and fidelity. Adultery straight defies the Judaic belief of love. committedness and the sacred establishment of matrimony and is immoral because it put in hazard the household unit which disintegrates love between spouses and inturn interruptions honest and trust. In add-on to this. as monotheists. Jews believe in fidelity and reproduction and criminal conversation amendss and destabilises the societal model for Judaic behavior therefore supplying behavior that is evil and unethical. The cosmopolitan disapprobation of criminal conversation by Orthodox. Conservative. Reform and Broad Jews indicates that criminal conversation is immoral as it breaks the word of God. The united stance on criminal conversation reflects the value of matrimony and this is apparent in the Torah where it states. â€Å"Do non perpetrate adultery† in the Ten Commandments. This is farther emphasised in the commandment. â€Å"You shall non covet your neighbors married woman. † Furthermore. the cosmopolitan disapprobation of criminal conversation by all Judaic discrepancies reflects Judaic beliefs as t protects society from promiscuousness. disease and deformed birth which have the possible to endanger the model for Judaic behavior and hence continue the tradition in stableness and morality. This consequences in society being spiritually and ceremonially clean. besides promote the belief of fidelity and honestness. which will inturn promote Judaism to be moral and stable. Sexually ethical behavior is important promotes the beliefs in God’s true purposes ; that love was between a adult male and a adult female. In add-on to this. the morality and stableness of Judaism is affected by the limitation of reproduction which comes with the act of homosexualism. The importance of life and reproduction is clearly apparent in the Judaic stance on homosexualism as Judaic faith and community is against homosexualism. sing it as iniquitous. whether homosexual or sapphic. as it destabilises the model for Judaic behavior. Homosexuality is non the ideal province in Judaism and is a challenge to the ideal of matrimony and household as it inhibits length of service and continuity of the tradition therefore destabilizing the faith through immoral Acts of the Apostless. It is of import to observe that it is homosexual Acts of the Apostless. non homosexual orientations that are out as Judaism focuses on a person’s actions instead than a person’s desires. In add-on to this. it defies buggery. hence advancing the rule beliefs of fidelity and ritual cleanliness. Homosexuality defies the direct word of God to ‘Go Forth and multiply’ ( Genesis 1:28 ) . because it promotes unfaithfulness. ritual uncleanliness and accordingly endangering the model for Judaic behavior. This can be reinforced as stated it Leviticus. â€Å"No adult male is to hold sexual dealingss with another adult male. God hates that† . ( 18:22 ) . Such an act is condemned in the strongest possible footings as it is detestable and is punishable by decease by the Orthodox Jews. The Orthodox stance on homosexualism can be reinforced as Leviticus provinces. â€Å"If a adult male lies with a adult male as one lies with a adult female. both of them have done what is abhorrent. They must be put to death† ( 20:13 ) . Furthermore. progressive and conservative Jews are more likely to accept homosexualism. but those who are homosexual are discouraged from rehearsing and showing their disposition. The act of homosexualism may non be an ideal province in Judaism but due to modern promotions. is easy doing its manner into going accepted. Sexually ethical behavior is indispensable as it allows Jews to follow a model that has established the belief in the demand for reproduction. The act of sloping seed straight defies and destabilises the belief in reproduction and the right to bear kids with your spouse. In add-on to this. the act of contraceptive method defies the mitsvah to get married. procreate and have kids. The methods of contraceptive method allowed under Judaic jurisprudence are those that don’t harm the sperm or forestall it from acquiring to the intended finish. such as preventive pill. This is because the Tenakh provinces that God wanted worlds to dwell the Earth. The spiritual position on birth control is based on the rule that it is a commandment to get married and hold kids and it is out to â€Å"waste seed† . This jurisprudence is based on the narrative of Onan ( Gen 38:8-10 ) who was killed by God for practising sexual intercourse interruptus as a agency of birth control. Contraception besides interferes with reproduction. taught in the first commandment of the Torah ; â€Å"Be fruitful and multiply† . Furthermore. reformed and broad Jews allow birth control for a big figure of grounds. such a ground may be when the gestation may in anyhow harm the bearer of the babe. However. Orthodox Jews are more restrictive and believe that contraceptive method shouldn’t be used for selfish grounds or to wholly avoid holding kids. Through this sexual ethical instruction. Hebraism has been able to keep a model by which it can stay in a righteous and firm province. Sexually ethical behavior is cardinal to the stableness and morality of Judaism as it provides guidelines to the right manner to handle matrimony and the fact that it is disrespectful to withstand the belief in love and matrimony. In add-ons to this. acts that defy love are considered impudent and travel against the moral model that guides Judaism. Judaism believes in the importance of matrimony in the development and completeness of the human being and that a individual must take duty for the spouse and relationships must go on. Thus. Judaism doesn’t license sexual dealingss between spouses prior to marriage. as a sexual act itself is such a powerful force in specifying a relationship. A sexual failure can destruct a relationship despite anterior declarations of love. The lone manner to guarantee that there will be some grade of duty after sex through the act of matrimony. In the Torah. the word used for sex agencies â€Å"to know† . which indicates that Jews believed sex involved the bosom and head every bit good as the organic structure. The Godhead thought that a adult male and adult female are to go â€Å"one flesh† ( Gen 2:24 ) . indicated sacred elements nowadayss. the sexual act symbolizing the brotherhood of those created in God’s image. Thus. all strains of Judaism position sex as allowable merely within the holiness of matrimony. This position enables Judaism to stay honorable and unafraid because of the model that they follow. To reason. Sexual Ethical motives are critical to Judaism because they provided direct counsel on how to act morally and in conformity with the Torah and God. Sexual moralss as demonstrated and described in the Torah include Adultery. Homosexuality. Contraception and Pre-marital sex. Each of these dramas a polar function in supplying a model for the behavior that Jews must follow to guarantee that the tradition may go on in stableness and morality.